the stub axle using a 1 inch brass rod and a small slege hammer. There is no way to hold it to press it out this the method in the FSM. Removing the old beraing can be done with a press and the correct cylindrical shapes or using a FWD kit from Harbor Freight. Installaing the bearing is not so easy. Place the beraing in the freezer overnight and heat the knuckle in an oven or with an acetylene torch. I was not successful attempting re-installation at room temp.